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Izinto ezilungileyo zenkqubo ye-metallurgy yomgubo

I-1, uninzi lwesinyithi esichasayo kunye neekhompawundi zazo, ii-alloys zobuxoki, izinto ezixubileyo zinokuveliswa kuphela nge-powder metallurgy method.

I-2, ngenxa yokuba indlela ye-metallurgy yomgubo inokuxinzelelwa kubungakanani bokugqibela bokuxinaniswa, ngaphandle okanye imfuneko encinci yokucutshungulwa komatshini olandelayo, inokusindisa kakhulu isinyithi, inciphise iindleko zemveliso. Ukulahleka kwesinyithi ekwenzeni iimveliso ngumgubo wesinyithi. indlela yi-1-5% kuphela, ngelixa ilahleko yentsimbi ekuveliseni iimveliso ngendlela eqhelekileyo yokuphosa ingaba phezulu njenge-80%.

I-3, ngenxa yokuba inkqubo ye-metallurgy yomgubo kwinkqubo yokuvelisa izinto ayinyibiliki, ayikoyiki ukuxuba kunye nokungcola okuziswa yi-crucible kunye ne-deoxidizer, kwaye i-sintering iqhutyelwa ngokubanzi kwi-vacuum kunye nokunciphisa umoya, ungoyiki i-oxidation. , kwaye ayiyi kunika nayiphi na into engcolileyo kwizinto eziphathekayo, kunokwenzeka ukwenza izinto ezicocekileyo eziphezulu.

I-4, indlela ye-metallurgy engumgubo inokuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kunye nokufana komlinganiselo wokwakheka kwezinto.5, i-metallurgy engumgubo ifanelekile kwimveliso yesimo esifanayo kunye nenani elikhulu leemveliso, ngokukodwa izixhobo kunye nezinye iindleko eziphezulu zokulungisa iimveliso, kunye nesinyithi somgubo. imveliso inokunciphisa kakhulu ixabiso lemveliso.

Iinkqubo ezisisiseko zenkqubo yesinyithi somgubo zi

I-1, ukulungiswa komgubo wezinto eziluhlaza.Iindlela ezikhoyo zokucoca zinokwahlulahlulwa ngokweendidi ezimbini: oomatshini kunye ne-physico-chemical.Indlela yomatshini inokwahlulwa ibe: indlela yokutyumza ngoomatshini kunye ne-atomization;Iindlela zePhysical kunye neekhemikhali zohlulwe ngakumbi kwi-corrosion ye-electrochemical. indlela, indlela yokunciphisa, indlela yeekhemikhali, indlela yokunciphisa-ikhemikhali, indlela yokubeka umphunga, indlela yokubeka ulwelo kunye nendlela ye-electrolysis.Iindlela ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kukunciphisa, i-atomization kunye ne-electrolysis.

2. Ukwenziwa kwepowder kwimilo efunwayo yebhloko engenanto.Injongo yokubumba kukwenza imilo ethile kunye nobukhulu be-compact, kwaye iyenze ibe noxinaniso oluthile kunye namandla.Indlela yokubumba iyahlulahlula ngokubunjwa koxinzelelo kunye nokungabikho. - ukubunjwa koxinzelelo.Uxinzelelo lokubumba lolona lusetyenziswa kakhulu.

3. I-Sintering ye-billet.I-Sintering yinkqubo ephambili kwi-metallurgy yomgubo.Iimpawu zokugqibela zomzimba kunye nezomatshini zifunyanwa ngokufaka i-sintering blank emva kokwenza. indawo yokunyibilika yesinyithi kunye ne-alloy esetyenziselwa isigaba esiqinileyo se-sintering yenkqubo yeyunithi kunye ne-multi-component system.Ukwenzela i-liquid phase sintering ye-multi-component system, ubushushu be-sintering buphantsi ngokubanzi kunendawo yokunyibilika yecandelo le-refractory. kodwa ngaphezu kwendawo yokunyibilika yecandelo le-fusible.Ukongezelela kwi-sintering eqhelekileyo, kukho i-sintering ekhululekile, indlela yokuncibilika kwe-leaching, indlela yokucofa okutshisayo kunye nezinye iinkqubo ezikhethekileyo ze-sintering.

4. Ukulungiswa kwe-post-sequence yemveliso.Unyango emva kokuhlambalaza lunokwamkelwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ngokweemfuno ezahlukeneyo zemveliso.Njengokugqiba, ukucwiliswa, umatshini, ukunyanga ukushisa kunye ne-electroplating.Ukongezelela, kwiminyaka yamuva nje, ezinye iinkqubo ezintsha ezinjengokuqengqeleka kunye nokubunjwa zikwasetyenziswa ekusetyenzweni kwemathiriyeli yomgubo wesinyithi emva kokutshiza, kwaye kuphunyezwe iziphumo ezingcono.

Izinto zetsimbi yomgubo kunye neemveliso kulwalathiso lophuhliso lwexesha elizayo

I-1, ummeli we-alloy-based alloy, iya kuba ngumthamo omkhulu weemveliso ezichanekileyo, umgangatho ophezulu wophuhliso lwezakhiwo.

2. Yenza i-alloy yokusebenza ephezulu kunye ne-microstructure efanayo, ukucubungula okunzima kunye nobuninzi obupheleleyo.

3. Ii-alloys ezikhethekileyo, ngokubanzi ezibandakanya izigaba ezixubileyo, zenziwe ngenkqubo yoxinaniso oluphuculweyo.

4, ukuvelisa izinto ezingafaniyo, i-amorphous, i-microcrystalline okanye i-alloy ye-metastable.

5, ukucubungula ifom ekhethekileyo kunye nengekho ngokubanzi okanye ukubunjwa kwamalungu adibeneyo.

Okokuqala, iingenelo zenkqubo ye-powder metallurgy

I-1, iyakwazi ukucubungula izinto ezikhethekileyo.Iindlela ze-metallurgy ze-Material powder ziyakwazi ukuvelisa isinyithi esichasayo kunye neekhompawundi, ii-alloys ze-pseudo, kunye nezixhobo ze-porous.

I-2, gcina isinyithi, unciphise iindleko.Ngenxa yokuba i-metallurgy engumgubo inokucinezelwa kubungakanani bokugqibela bokubumba, akukho mfuneko yokusebenzisa i-mechanical processing.Ilahleko yesinyithi eveliswa ngolu hlobo kuphela kwi-1 ukuya kwi-5 ekhulwini, xa kuthelekiswa ne-80 ekhulwini. ukuqhubekeka okuqhelekileyo.

Ukuphuhliswa kweemveliso zesinyithi somgubo

I-1, iindawo eziphezulu zesakhiwo: i-powder metallurgy imele i-alloy-based alloy, iya kuphuhliswa ibe ngumthamo omkhulu weemveliso ezichanekileyo, iindawo eziphezulu zesakhiwo.

I-2, i-alloy yokusebenza ephezulu: ukuveliswa kwesinyithi somgubo kunokwakheka kwe-microstructure efanayo, ukusetyenzwa kunzima kwaye kuxinene ngokupheleleyo kwi-alloy yokusebenza ephezulu.

I-3, i-alloy ekhethekileyo yesigaba esixutyiweyo: i-metallurgy engumgubo kunye nenkqubo yoxinaniso eyandisiweyo ukwenza i-alloy ekhethekileyo eqhelekileyo enesigaba esixubeneyo.

I-4, iinxalenye ezihlanganisiweyo: ukusetyenzwa kwefom ekhethekileyo kunye nengekho ngokubanzi okanye ukubunjwa kwamalungu adibeneyo.

5. Ukulungiswa kwezinto eziphezulu zokucoceka. Inkqubo ye-metallurgy ye-powder kwinkqubo yokuvelisa izinto ayinyibiliki izinto, ayiyi kuxutywa kunye nezinye izinto eziziswe ngokungcola, kwaye i-sintering iqhutyelwa kwi-vacuum kunye nokunciphisa umoya, ungesabi i-oxidation kunye ne-oxidation. akuyi kubakho ukungcoliswa kwezinto eziphathekayo.Ngoko ke, ukucoceka kwemveliso kuphezulu.

I-6, Ukuchaneka kwezinto eziphathekayo.Indlela ye-metallurgy ye-powder inokuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kunye nokufana kokubunjwa kwezinto ngokulinganayo.

I-7, imveliso yobuninzi yokunciphisa iindleko.I-metallurgy ye-powder ifanelekile ukuveliswa kweemveliso ezinobuninzi beemilo ezifanayo, ezifana nezixhobo kunye nezinye iimveliso ezinexabiso eliphezulu, ezinokunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zokuvelisa.